外国企业常驻代表机构登记管理办法(附英文)
国家工商局
外国企业常驻代表机构登记管理办法(附英文)
一九八三年三月五日国务院批准
第一条 为了对外国企业及其他外国经济组织在中国设立的常驻代表机构进行登记管理，保障其正当业务活动，根据《中华人民共和国国务院关于管理外国企业常驻代表机构的暂行规定》（以下简称《暂行规定》），制定本办法。
第二条 按照《暂行规定》第四条经批准的外国企业及其他外国经济组织的常驻代表机构（以下简称外国企业常驻代表机构），依照本办法办理登记。
第三条 外国企业常驻代表机构，应当是从事非直接经营活动的代表机构。但是，两国政府已有协议规定的，按其规定办理。
第四条 外国企业常驻代表机构登记机关是中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理局。国家工商行政管理局委托省、自治区、直辖市工商行政管理局办理登记手续。
第五条 外国企业常驻代表机构登记的主要事项有：机构名称、驻在地址、代表人数和姓名、业务范围、驻在期限。
第六条 外国企业及其他经济组织，申请在中华人民共和国境内设立常驻代表机构的报告经批准机关批准后，须在批准之日起三十日内，向所在省、自治区、直辖市工商行政管理局办理登记。
第七条 外国企业及其他经济组织申请办理常驻代表机构登记时，须提交下列证件：
（一）中华人民共和国批准机关的批准证件；
（二）《暂行规定》第三条规定的证件和材料。
第八条 登记机关对外国企业及其他经济组织申请办理常驻代表机构登记所提交的证件，经审查符合本办法的，准予办理登记，收取登记费，发给登记证和代表证。
外国企业常驻代表机构凭批准证件和登记证、代表证到公安、银行、海关、税务等部门办理居留及其他有关事宜。
第九条 从登记机关核准登记之日起，外国企业常驻代表机构即告正式成立。其机构和代表的正当业务活动受中华人民共和国法律保护。
未经批准、登记的，不得开展外国企业常驻代表机构的业务活动。
第十条 外国企业常驻代表机构聘请工作人员，必须按照《暂行规定》第十一条规定办理，并须及时报登记机关备案。
第十一条 外国企业常驻代表机构登记证的有效期限为一年。逾期需要继续常驻的，必须办理延期登记。
外国企业常驻代表机构办理延期登记，必须在期满前三十日内，向登记机关提交年度业务活动情况报告（中文本）及延期申请书；如果批准机关批准的驻在期限届满，还须提交原批准机关的延期批准证件，填写延期登记表。经登记机关核准后，缴回原登记证，领取新登记证。
第十二条 外国企业常驻代表机构变更机构名称、代表人数和姓名、业务范围、驻在地址时，应向登记机关提交变更登记申请书和批准机关的批准证件，办理变更登记。
更换代表时，须提交派出代表的外国企业或者其他外国经济组织对新任代表的授权书及其简历。
第十三条 外国企业常驻代表机构驻在期满或者提前终止业务活动或者派出企业宣告破产时，应向登记机关办理注销登记手续。在办理注销登记时，须提交税务部门、银行、海关出具的税务、债务和其他有关事宜清理完结的证件，准予注销，缴销登记证。
如有未了事宜，原申请设立常驻代表机构的外国企业及其他外国经济组织，必须继续承担清理责任。
第十四条 中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理局和省、自治区、直辖市工商行政管理局，有权在本办法规定范围内对外国企业常驻代表机构的活动进行监督检查。
在执行监督检查职务时，工商行政管理局工作人员须出示专用工作证。外国企业常驻代表机构必须据实报告，并提供有关资料和情况，不得拒绝或者隐瞒。
第十五条 外国企业常驻代表机构违反本办法有下列情形之一的，国家工商行政管理局根据情节轻重分别给予下列处罚：
（一）外国企业常驻代表机构违反本办法第三条规定直接从事经营活动的，责令其停止经营活动，并处以人民币两万元以下罚款。
（二）应该办理变更登记而不办理擅自改变原登记事项的，或者应该办理注销登记而不办理的，经查实后给予通告，情节严重的，处以人民币五千元以下罚款，直至吊销登记证。
外国企业常驻代表机构从事投机诈骗等违法活动的，登记机关应依法没收其非法所得的全部财物并处以罚款，直至吊销登记证。触犯中华人民共和国刑法的，送司法机关依法处理。
第十六条 外国企业及其他经济组织未经批准、登记，擅自从事常驻代表机构业务活动的，责令其停止业务活动，并处以人民币一万元以下罚款。
第十七条 外国企业及其他外国经济组织申请在中华人民共和国境内派驻常驻代表的，亦按照本办法办理登记。
第十八条 华侨、港澳同胞经营的公司、企业申请在国内设立常驻代表机构的，参照本办法办理登记，领取华侨、港澳企业常驻代表机构登记证。
第十九条 在国外的中外合资企业，经批准在国内设立代表机构的，也参照本办法办理登记。
第二十条 本办法自一九八三年三月十五日施行。(附英文)
MEASURES FOR ADMINISTRATION OF REGISTRATION OF RESIDENT OFFICES OFFOREIGN ENTERPRISES
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
MEASURES FOR ADMINISTRATION OF REGISTRATION OF RESIDENT OFFICES OF
FOREIGN ENTERPRISES
(Approved by the State Council on March 5, 1983, promulgated by
the State Administration for Industry and Commerce on March 15, 1983)
Article 1
In accordance with the Interim Provisions of the State Council of the
People's Republic of China Concerning the Control of Resident Offices of
Foreign Enterprises in China (hereinafter referred to as "the Interim
Provisions"), these Measures are formulated to carry out the registration
administration of resident offices in China of foreign enterprises and
other economic organizations and to enable them to conduct their
legitimate business activities.
Article 2
Resident offices of foreign enterprises in China and other economic
organizations (hereinafter referred to as "resident offices of foreign
enterprises"), which have been approved in accordance with Article 4 of
the Interim Provisions, shall go through the registration procedures
prescribed in these Measures.
Article 3
Resident offices of foreign enterprises shall be understood as those
engaging in non-direct-profit-making operations. But, for those provided
for in the agreements between the Chinese government and the governments
of their countries of origin, they shall be dealt with accordingly.
Article 4
The State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the People's
Republic of China is the organ for the registration of resident offices of
foreign enterprises. It shall empower the administrative departments for
industry and commerce in the provinces, autonomous regions and the
municipalities directly under the Central Government to handle the
registration procedures.
Article 5
The main items to be registered for the resident office of a foreign
enterprise are: name of the office, address of residence, number of
representatives and their names, business scope and period of residence.
Article 6
Foreign enterprises and other economic organizations shall go through the
prescribed registration procedures at the administrative departments for
industry and commerce in the provinces, autonomous regions and the
municipalities directly under the Central Government where the said
offices are to be located within 30 days from the date when their
applications for setting up resident offices within the territory of the
People's Republic of China are approved by the approving authorities.
Article 7
A foreign enterprise or an economic organization shall submit the
following documents in applying for the registration of a resident office:
1. the approval document issued by the approving authorities of the
People's Republic of China;
2. the documents and data as listed in Article 3 of the Interim
Provisions.
Article 8
If the documents submitted by a foreign enterprise or an economic
organization for registration are established as conforming to these
Measures through examination, the registration office shall grant
permission to register and issue a certificate of registration and
certificates for the representatives after the registration fee is paid.
The resident office of a foreign enterprise shall, on the strength of the
document of approval, certificate of registration and certificates for the
representatives, register with the public security organ, banks and the
Customs and tax authorities and other departments for residence permits
and other related matters.
Article 9
The resident office of a foreign enterprise is deemed as formally
established from the date of its registration and the legitimate
activities of the said office and its representatives shall therefrom be
protected by the laws of the People's Republic of China.
A resident office that has not been approved and registered shall not
proceed with its business activities.
Article 10
In engaging the service of Chinese personnel, the resident office of a
foreign enterprise must follow the provisions prescribed in Article 11 of
the Interim Provisions and promptly report this to the registration
authorities for the record.
Article 11
The registration certificate for the resident office of a foreign
enterprise is valid for a period of one year. The said office must, upon
the end of the period, renew the aforesaid document if it wishes to
continue its residence.
To renew its registration, the resident office of a foreign enterprise
must, within 30 days before the date of the expiry of its certificate of
registration, submit to the registration authorities an annual report of
its business operations (in Chinese) and an application for renewal. In
case where the term of residence approved for a resident office expires,
the document of approval for renewal issued by the same authorities must
also be submitted at the time of renewing the registration and a form for
renewal shall be filled out. After examination by the registration office,
the original certificate shall be turned in and a new certificate of
registration shall be issued.
Article 12
When the resident office of a foreign enterprise wishes to make
alterations with regard to the name of the office, the number of
representatives and their names, the scope of business and the address of
the resident office, an application for alterations shall be filed with
the registration office together with the document of approval issued by
the approving authorities before going through the prescribed procedure
for alterations. Where there is a change of representatives, a power of
attorney issued by the foreign enterprise or economic organization shall
be submitted together with the resumes of the new representatives.
Article 13
If the resident office of a foreign enterprise desires to terminate its
business operations upon or before the expiration of the term of
residence, or the enterprise represented by the office declares
bankruptcy, it shall go through the deregistration procedure at the
registration office. In going through the deregistration procedure,
documents issued by the tax authorities, banks and Customs to certify the
clearing up of taxes, liabilities and other related matters shall be
produced before approval is granted for the deregistration and the
cancellation of the certificate of registration. Should the said office
leave any matter unsettled, the foreign enterprise or economic
organization the office represents shall be held responsible for the
settlement of that matter.
Article 14
The State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the People's
Republic of China and the administrative departments for industry and
commerce in the provinces, autonomous regions and the municipalities
directly under the Central Government are entitled to supervise and check
on the business activities of the resident offices of foreign enterprises
in accordance with the stipulations in these Measures.
In carrying out the check-up and supervision, the staff members of the
said departments shall present identification cards specially issued for
that purpose. The resident offices must report honestly and provide such
information and data as required. Refusal to report or holding back
information shall not be allowed.
Article 15
Any of the following violations of the provisions in these Measures shall
be punished by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce
according to the seriousness of the case:
1. The resident office of a foreign enterprise proven to have engaged in
direct profit-making operations in violation of the provisions of Article
3 of these Measures shall be ordered to stop its business operations and
be punished concurrently with a fine of 20,000 yuan (RMB) or less.
2. The resident office of a foreign enterprise proven to have altered any
item registered without going through the required procedure or failed to
deregister when it ought to shall be given a notice of warning which is to
be circulated. For more serious cases, a fine of up to 5,000 yuan (RMB) or
less shall be imposed or even the registration certificate be revoked.
When the resident office of a foreign enterprise is found to have engaged
in speculation, frauds and other unlawful activities, all the proceeds and
properties thus obtained shall be confiscated in addition to a fine or
even the revocation of the registration certificate on the merit of the
case. Cases that violate the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of
China shall be dealt with by the judicial organs according to law.
Article 16
A foreign enterprise or other economic organizations engaging, without
authorization, in business operations only allowed for resident offices
shall be ordered to stop such activities and a fine of 10,000 yuan (RMB)
or less shall be imposed in addition.
Article 17
These Measures also apply to foreign enterprises and other economic
organizations applying for accrediting their resident representatives
within the boundaries of the People's Republic of China.
Article 18
Companies and other enterprises run by overseas Chinese or by compatriots
from Hong Kong and Macao, when applying for the establishment of resident
offices, shall go through registration procedures with reference to these
Measures so as to obtain registration certificates for the resident
offices of overseas Chinese enterprises and enterprises in Hong Kong and
Macao.
Article 19
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures operating outside China which have
been approved to establish resident offices in China shall also go through
registration procedures with reference to these Measures.
Article 20
These Measures shall go into effect as of March 15, 1983.
一、“毒胶囊”事件
2012年4月15日央视《每周质量报告》：《胶囊里的秘密》
浙江省新昌县儒岙镇是全国有名的胶囊之乡，有几十家药用胶囊生产企业，年产胶囊一千亿粒左右，约占全国药用胶囊产量的三分之一。
在前后长达8个月的调查中，记者发现河北学洋明胶蛋白厂和江西弋阳龟峰明胶公司两家明胶生产企业，用“蓝矾皮”生产的明胶，通过隐秘的销售链条，流入儒岙镇部分胶囊厂，生产加工药用胶囊。
“蓝矾皮”是工业皮革废料，由于皮革在工业加工鞣制时使用了含铬的鞣制剂，导致铬残留，使用这种“蓝矾皮”加工的工业明胶，重金属铬的含量一般都会超标。2010版《中国药典》明确规定，药用胶囊以及使用的明胶原料，重金属铬的含量均不得超过2mg/kg。
记者在华星、卓康两家胶囊厂，分别对“蓝矾皮”加工的工业明胶和药用胶囊成品进行取样，送到中国检验检疫科学研究院综合检测中心。经过检测，这两家厂的白袋子明胶的铬含量分别为62.43mg/kg和103.64 mg / kg，按照国家标准中铬含量不得超过2mg/kg的规定，这两种明胶重金属铬含量分别超标30多倍和50多倍。两家厂的药用胶囊样品中铬含量分别为42.19mg/kg和93.34 mg / kg，分别超标20多倍和40多倍。
随后，记者分别对青海格拉丹东药业公司和吉林长春海外制药集团公司两家制药厂进行了调查，发现这两家药厂的确都在使用浙江华星胶丸厂生产的药用胶囊。
最后，根据调查中掌握的线索，记者分别在北京、江西、吉林、青海等地，对药店销售的一些制药厂生产的胶囊药品进行买样送检。检测项目主要针对药品所用胶囊的重金属铬含量，经中国检验检疫科学研究院综合检测中心反复多次检测确认，9家药厂生产的13个批次的药品，所用胶囊的重金属铬含量超过国家标准规定2mg/kg的限量值，其中超标最多的达90多倍。
二、生产、销售铬超标胶囊的行为，涉嫌什么罪？
截止2012年4月20日，公安机关已对26名犯罪嫌疑人采取刑事强制措施，检察机关以涉嫌“生产、销售有毒、有害食品罪”对9名犯罪嫌疑人批准逮捕。
生产、销售铬超标胶囊的责任人，是否涉嫌生产销售有毒有害食品罪?
《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百四十四条规定，在生产、销售的食品中掺入有毒、有害的非食品原料的，或者销售明知掺有有毒、有害的非食品原料的食品的，处五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，并处或者单处销售金额百分之五十以上二倍以下罚金；造成严重食物中毒事故或者其他严重食源性疾患，对人体健康造成严重危害的，处五年以上十年以下有期徒刑，并处销售金额百分之五十以上二倍以下罚金；致人死亡或者对人体健康造成特别严重危害的，依照本法第一百四十一条的规定处罚。
[注：《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百四十一条，生产、销售假药，足以严重危害人体健康的，处三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，并处或者单处销售金额百分之五十以上二倍以下罚金；对人体健康造成严重危害的，处三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，并处销售金额百分之五十以上二倍以下罚金；致人死亡或者对人体健康造成特别严重危害的，处十年以上有期徒刑、无期徒刑或者死刑，并处销售金额百分之五十以上二倍以下罚金或者没收财产。]
据此，生产、销售有毒、有害食品罪是指在生产、销售的食品中掺入有毒、有害的非食品原料的，或者销售明知掺有有毒、有害的非食品原料的食品的行为。
只要行为人实施了在生产、销售的食品中掺入有毒、有害的非食品原料，或销售明知掺有有毒、有害的非食品原料的食品的行为，即可构成犯罪，行为的危害后果、涉案金额作为量刑情节考虑。
如果认定生产、销售铬超标胶囊的责任人涉嫌生产销售有毒有害食品罪，前提是药用胶囊属于食品。
我们先来看看相关法律，《中华人民共和国食品安全法》第九十九条规定，本法下列用语的含义：
食品，指各种供人食用或者饮用的成品和原料以及按照传统既是食品又是药品的物品，但是不包括以治疗为目的的物品。
《中华人民共和国药品管理法》第一百零二条规定，本法下列用语的含义是：
药品，是指用于预防、治疗、诊断人的疾病，有目的地调节人的生理机能并规定有适应症或者功能主治、用法和用量的物质，包括中药材、中药饮片、中成药、化学原料药及其制剂、抗生素、生化药品、放射性药品、血清、疫苗、血液制品和诊断药品等。
辅料，是指生产药品和调配处方时所用的赋形剂和附加剂。
对照法律规定，药用胶囊并非食品。从各地报道看，事实上人们也没有把药用胶囊用来直接食用。所以说药用胶囊不是食品是应该没有异疑的。药用胶囊也非药品，比较正确的说法是药品辅料，主要是供给药厂用于生产各种胶囊类药品。从而说明，生产、销售铬超标药用胶囊的责任人，并非涉嫌生产销售有毒有害食品罪。
当然，生产、销售铬超标胶囊的责任人不构成生产、销售有毒、有害食品罪并不是说不构成犯罪。
与此有关的罪名有生产、销售伪劣产品罪。
《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百四十条规定，生产者、销售者在产品中掺杂、掺假，以假充真，以次充好或者以不合格产品冒充合格产品，销售金额5万元以上不满20万元的，处二年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，并处或者单处销售金额50%以上二倍以下罚金；销售金额20万元以上不满50万元的，处二年以上七年以下有期徒刑，并处销售金额50%以上二倍以下罚金；销售金额50万元以上不满200万元的，处七年以上有期徒刑，并处销售金额50%以上二倍以下罚金；销售金额200万元以上的，处十五年有期徒刑或者无期徒刑，并处销售金额50%以上二倍以下罚金或者没收财产。
还有生产、销售劣药罪。
《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百四十二条，生产、销售劣药，对人体健康造成严重危害的，处三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，并处销售金额50%以上二倍以下罚金；后果特别严重的，处十年以上有期徒刑或者无期徒刑，并处销售金额50%以上二倍以下罚金或者没收财产。
本条所称劣药，是指依照《中华人民共和国药品管理法》的规定属于劣药的药品。
国家食品药品监督管理局4月20日召开电视电话会议，全面部署药用胶囊质量安全专项监督检查行动。会议指出本次媒体曝光的铬超标药用胶囊事件，是非法使用工业明胶生产药用胶囊及使用铬超标胶囊生产劣药案。
以上罪名最大的区别在于生产、销售有毒、有害食品罪是行为犯，是指只要实施刑法分则规定的某种危害行为就构成既遂的犯罪。
生产、销售伪劣产品罪和生产、销售劣药罪是结果犯，是指不仅实施犯罪构成客观要件的行为，而且必须发生法定的危害结果，才构成既遂的犯罪（即生产、销售伪劣产品罪必须是涉案金额5万元以上，生产、销售劣药罪必须对人体健康造成严重危害的）。
本人倾向于生产、销售铬超标胶囊涉嫌生产、销售伪劣产品罪。
王克先，浙江新时代律师事务所主任，一级律师
浙江工业大学法学院客座教授
QQ：294646
地址：浙江省新昌县
